Trying to decide which are the best African countries to visit?
There is no other place in the world with more to offer to traveller than Africa. From wildlife safaris and wild camping under the stars, to exotic cities and fascinating cultures, Africa has it all.
I’ve been travelling for decades, and Africa is the place that keeps drawing me back. I’ll never run out of things to see!
Choosing where to go can be the toughest part of planning your trip, so here’s some help! This article lists the 18 best countries of Africa to visit, out of its 54 utterly unique nations.
Even if you’re not able to travel to all of them, I hope you get to see at least two or 3. See if you can guess my favourites!
These countries are presented in no particular order, except roughly north to south, as they’re all amazing. Put them in order of what looks best to you!
You’ll also find phrases in red that will lead you to amazing tours of the country you’re reading about.
Map of Africa
1. Morocco
Official language: Arabic & Moroccan Berber.
Why Morocco? Go for the exotic markets and food, and the inexpensive travel.
Morocco is an exotic mix of mountains, desert and lovely seashore. Its vast, sprawling cities are colourful and chaotic and full of the aromas of incense and spices.
Smaller villages boast everything from sea views and Mediterranean-style charm to downhill ski resorts and lonely desert settlements.
Morocco is definitely one of the best African countries to visit. It’s also a personal favourite. In addition, it is the most visited country in Africa – so you know it must have a lot going for it!
Visit the exciting cities of Fez, Marrakech and Casablanca for their famous markets. One of the best is the night market in Marrakech, in Djemaa el Fnaa Square.
In the markets you’ll find performers and craft sellers, spices and soaps, and, of course, food.
From snail soup and goats’ heads to tagines with bread and olive oil, you can be as adventurous as you want – or not. The chicken and couscous are great too.
And you won’t find better shawarma anywhere.
There’s something magical about wandering through the souks of Casablanca in the heat of the day. It’s also a great place to sharpen up your bargaining skills.
In addition, if you happen to be in Morocco between December and March, you can visit Oukaïmeden for a day on the slopes.
A 2-hour drive from Marrakech, Oukaïmeden is located in the High Atlas Mountains. The ski resortoffers altitudes of 2,600 – 3,200 metres, with 6 lifts.
By train is a great way to travel between cities in Morocco. With high-speed trains, air conditioning, and comfy seats, you can sit back and enjoy the ride and the views.
What to wear as a woman in Morocco: remember to dress with respect to the culture. This is a very Muslim country, but liberal. Women can wear shorts, but nothing showing too much skin. No crop tops, for example.
Cover shoulders, knees, and chest in more rural towns. Loose, lightweight pants and flowy skirts, and loose weave, long sleeve shirts are perfect.
Women on their own are less likely to get harassed if they’re dressed modestly.
Men can wear shorts, but will stand out less as a tourist if long trousers are worn.
2. Tunisia
- Official Language: Arabic. Berber and French are also spoken, as well as some English and Italian.
- Why Tunisia? Go for the historical sites and the outdoor activities!
The beautiful North African nation of Tunisia is a destination that is often overlooked. With its stunninglandscapes, vibrant culture and wonderful people, there’s something for everyone to enjoy.
From soaking up the sun on white sandy beaches to exploring ancient ruins. Tunisia offers you a unique and unforgettable experience.
One of the best reasons to visit Tunisia is to explore its many historical sites. The country is home to some of the oldest and most interesting ruins in Africa.
These include the Roman Empire such as El Djem’s Colosseum and Carthage’s ancient streets.
You can also experience the hustle and energy of Tunisia’s medina, with its narrow alleyways and colourful markets.
The weather in Tunisia is perfect for outdoor activities. In summer, you can expect warm to hot temperatures, ideal for swimming, sunbathing and exploring the beach.
The winter months are milder but still beautiful, and will allow you to take part in some of the country’s outdoor activities such as hiking, mountain biking, and rock climbing.
Tunisia also offers visitors a unique chance to experience the traditional way of life in the country’s many rural villages. Here visitors can sample locally-produced food and drink, including Tunisian wine and couscous.
You can also take part in traditional activities such as camel riding, pottery making and shopping for local handicrafts.
What to wear in Tunisia: Shorts and T-shirts should generally be avoided, especially when visiting more traditional and religious sites.
For women, it is recommended that they cover their arms and legs with lightweight material such as cotton or linen. Men should also avoid shorts or revealing clothing.
3. Egypt
- Official language: Egyptian Arabic. English is widely spoken in the main centres, with some French and Italian, as well.
- Why Egypt? Go for the Great Pyramids of Giza and other remnants of the oldest civilizations in the world. Also some of the best, and least expensive, diving in the world.
The lure of Egypt goes far beyondthe ancient ruins that we all associate with the country. I think it could be the most interestingcountry in Africa. It’s also one of my own best-loved Northern African countries.
As well as a fascinating centre of ancient history, Egypt is the Mediterranean. It’s the Middle East. And it’s mysterious. The name conjures up images of sheiks and treasures.
Some of the most famous movies ever filmed were set in Egypt – Casablanca, Death on the Nile, and The Spy Who Loved Me are classics. Not to mention Stargate and The Mummy.
However, the archaeological sites of Egypt are often the primary reason for visiting Egypt. The ancient history that’s available for the public to explore is incredibly fascinating.
But even if you aren’t wowed at the prospect of ancient ruins, I’d suggest at least visiting the Great Pyramids of Giza or the Valley of the Kings.
Or make a quick stop at the Egyptian Museum – I could have spent days there!
Once you’re awestruck by those, you’ll want to see it all.
The Abu Simbel Temple is an amazing sight, as is the Valley of the Kings. Visit by camel, of course. If nothing else, the sheer size of these artifacts will make your head swim.
When it comes to the exotic cities of Egypt, Cairo is one of my favourites to explore. It’s home to the Museum of Egyptian Antiquities, definitely a don’t miss.
Also, the Khan al-Khalili bazaar and souk are located in the historic center of Cairo.
Here you can find copper, spices, leather goods, and gold. Also the vibrant commotion and combination of aromas that’s somehow specifically Egyptian.
It’s easy to spend hours and hours taking it all in.
Alexandria, on the other hand, is a city unlike any other. Its European architecture and 12 miles of Mediterranean coastline set it apart.
Unlike most of the bustling cities in Egypt, Alexandria is a good place for walking. Stroll along the Corniche as the locals do, wander by the sea and catch a sunset.
While in Alexandria, be sure to visit the Montazah Gardens. Here you’ll find 150 acres of islands, lighthouses, and palaces, in addition to the stunning botanics.
Before leaving Egypt, try to find time for a visit to the Aswan Dam. A felucca sailboat cruise on the Nile River is fantastic, too!
In addition, Egypt has some of the best scuba diving on the planet. The Red Sea is a world-famous diving destination, and on the Mediterranean side, you can find some sunken ruins to explore.
Egypt is the second most touristed country in Africa, and I can absolutely see why – there’s just so much to see.
What to wear in Egypt: Is Egypt safe for women? Yes, if you dress according to the culture. Shoulders, knees, and chest should be covered. No shorts – loose, lightweight pants and flowy skirts, and loose weave, long sleeve shirts are perfect.
Dressing immodestly, by muslim standards not yours, is asking for trouble.
4. Senegal
- Official Language: although French is the official language of Senegal, it’s spoken by only 37% of its people. In contrast, 72% of the population speaks the native language of Wolof.
- Why Senegal? This beautiful country is well-known for its warm hospitality, or teranga, toward visitors. It also has outstanding music and markets, as well as surf and wildlife.
The country of Senegal has everything you might be looking for when you travel to Africa. It’s a terrific example of the warm and friendly people of Africa.
It may also be the most beautiful country in West Africa!
The capital city of Dakar is a vibrant, bustling seaport town. It’s full of museums, theatres, and shopping. And if you love to experience the local music when you travel, there’s no place better than the nightlife scene of Dakar.
If you prefer a quieter scene, you can find that here, too. The smaller area of N’gor is lovely, as is the peaceful little island of Île de N’Gor.
Historians will be interested to find another island that is has been named a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The very sobering Île de Gorée was the largest slave trading post in the African coast.
Niokolo-Koba National Park is another UNESCO Site. The 900 km² park is a unique mix of savannah and forest.
Lions, elephants, chimpanzees, leopards, hippos, and derby elands make their homes here, along with some 70 more species of mammals.
And of course, there is Lake Retba, the mystical-looking pink lake north of Dakar. Go for a swim and feel the gravity-defying buoyancy the very high salt content of the water gives you!
Even bird lovers will love Senegal. In the Parc National de la Langue de Barberie alone, there are more than 160 species of birds for your list.
What to wear in Senegal: while this is a very tolerant country when it comes to the religious beliefs of others, it is very conservative. Women should keep shoulders covered, and avoid shorts, short skirts, and cropped tops.
Men should also avoid wearing shorts.
5. Cabo Verde
- Official Language: Portuguese. However, English and Kaboverdianu (Cape Verdian Creole) are also widely spoken.
- Why Cabo Verde? Go for the diving and the surf! The rugged landscapes make for some epic adventures, and it’s always beach weather.
The stunning island chain of Cabo Verde is made up of 10 islands, one of which is uninhabited. There are also 5 islets in the chain.
If you’re after an amazing hike, set out on the popular climb up the active volcano, Pico do Fogo. If water sports are more your thing, the island of Sal, especially, has you covered there.
From windsurfing to scuba diving, there are water sports galore. For some, these make Cabo Verde the best country in Africa.
And you don’t have to miss out on marine life if you’d rather stay dry. Both humpback whales and loggerhead turtles are seasonal visitors to Cabo Verde.
What to wear in Cabo Verde: While the islands are very casual, beachwear is not allowed in hotel restaurants. Do dress modestlyby covering knees and shoulders when away from the main tourist spots.
6. Mali
Official Language: French. However, Bambara is the most widely spoken language and is the first language for about 50% of the population.
Why Mali? Go for the lively traditional music scene, the Dogon cliff-sided villages, and to see the real Timbuktu.
Mali, Africa is home to an array of cultural experiences and natural wonders. From its vibrant music scene, to its wide variety of animals and plants in the national parks, Mali has something for everyone.
For those looking for a cultural experience, Mali offers traditional dance performances, ancient ruins to explore and vibrant markets where you can find one-of-a-kind items.
Mali is also home to the famous Dogon tribe, and many of its members are expert tour guides who can take you through the history and customs of their people.
When it comes to activities in Mali, there is no shortage. From museums and galleries to camel rides and river safaris, Mali provides a range of opportunities for adventure and exploration.
What to wear in Mail: It’s not necessary to be too concerned with covering up in Mali. Dress for the weather; shorts and tank tops are fine.
7. Ghana
Official language: though Ghana has over 50 indigenous languages, English is the official language.
Why Ghana? Go because it is a tropical paradise! It also has yet to be “discovered”. This makes a visit here more affordable and less touristed than it will be once the floodgates open. Enjoy!
Ghana is not a name that’s heard often outside of Africa. This is whether the subject is tourism, politics, or Africa in general.
Though still a hidden gem, it has one of the world’s fastest-growing economies, based on cocoa and gold. It’s also one of the safest countries in Africa in 2022.
Ghana is a successful and independent nation, and its independence is celebrated each July 1 as Republic Day.
Accra is the capital city of Ghana, and its largest city. It’s a prosperous trading centre that lies partly on a cliff that’s 8-12 metres high, on the Gulf of Guinea.
There is a lot to see in the capital, from Kwame Nkrumah Memorial Park to the James Town Lighthouse.
As well, the shopping, the history, and the views can keep you busy for days. You can make sure you don’t miss anything with a tour around the city.
The Ghanaian love for life is everywhere, from its warm, welcoming people to its traditional monthly festivals. If you’re travelling the world in search of its greatest festivals, then you’re in the right place.
Over 70 festivals are celebrated every year in Ghana. Reportedly one of the grandest is Homowo. The word translates to “Hooting at hunger”.
It commemorates the bumper harvest that followed a famine that struck Ghana many years ago.
Others are the Odambea Festival and the Bridal Festival. Additionally, there is the boat pageant known as the Edina Bakatue Festival.
Research the dates for the time you’re going to see which festival you’ll be able to catch.
In between the festivities, be sure to go out and enjoy the natural wonders that Ghana has for you. You’ll find spectacular spots such as the Kakum National Park and the Digya National Park.
In these, you’ll get to see large elephant populations and the endangered Diana monkey. Also stunning birds, flowers, and river creatures such as crocodiles and otters. Hiking and canoeing anyone?
Bobiri Forest and Butterfly Sanctuary and the Hippo Sanctuary at Wechiau are just a couple examples of village-based conservation operating in Ghana.
Here you can experience the variety of wildlife with the benefit of expert local guides.
If you’re lucky, you may have the opportunity to see the hatching of leatherback turtles and their journey to the ocean. Your visit supports the work that is done to protect these turtles.
The people’s warmth and the joy they take in welcoming visitors make it a perfect place to visit, especially if you like to meet the locals.
Be prepared for people to express protectiveness toward you if you’re a woman travelling on her own. Smile and feel happy that there are such kind people in the world. It’s a great place to travel in Africa.
What to wear in Ghana: really are no clothing restrictions in Ghana, beyond making sure that your midriff is covered.
Loose, long sleeves and pants are recommended though, to protect the skin from the sun.
8. Eritrea
- Official language: there are 9 main languages, with most people speaking Tigrinya.
- Why Eritrea? go for the ruins, the trekking, the beaches, and the surprising Modernist architecture.
Eritrea, located in the horn of Africa, is a country that boasts stunning landscapes and an exciting culture. From deserts to beaches to towering mountains, Eritrea will capture your heart with its unique charm.
With so much to explore and experience, there is a wide variety of activities you can enjoy in this captivating little country.
Whether you like strolling through rich historical sites or taking part in outdoor adventures, Eritrea has something for you.
Visitors can explore the ancient cities of Axum, Adulis, and Dahlak Island. Take a boat ride along the Red Sea, or trek through one of the incredible mountain ranges. Ocean lovers will enjoy diving off Dahlak Island.
Even bird watchers will love it. The Gash-Barka region, especially, attracts a high density and wide variety of birds.
And once you’ve taken in all of the amazing activities, you can lounge on the pristine beaches of Massawa. Or simply explore the vibrant markets of Asmara.
What to wear in Eritrea: Try to keep knees and shoulders covers when you’re not at the beach.
9. Mauritius
- Official Language: No official language, but most people speak Creole.
- Why Mauritius: Its blend of cultures, activities, and natural beauty, along with its rich history, and vibrant experiences that you simply can’t find anywhere else.
In the Indian Ocean east of Madagascar, Mauritius is a gem waiting to be discovered. Currently considered the safest country in Africa, it’s blessed with a unique blend of cultures.
It offers an equally unique experience to visitors. Despite the lack of an official language, English speakers can easily communicate with the friendly locals.
Mauritius is ideal for nature lovers, home to nine bird species found nowhere else in the world. The island’s fascinating history even includes the dodo, an extinct bird and national animal.
Plus, winter horse racing is an age old favourite event. From March to early December each year, thousands of people show up to the Champs de Mars racecourse to cheer on their favourites.
And my favourite, the Mauritius National Botanical Garden is home to a fantastic variety of tropical plants, many of them endemic to the island.
And of course, the stunning beaches with crystal-clear waters, soft sand, and abundant coral reefs are unbeatable. I wonder if these beaches aren’t somehow responsible for the impressive life expectancy on the island.
As well, there are several festivals that you can enjoy. Which one depends on when your time on the island falls. November is the time to catch the Festival Reggae Donn SA and the Beach Humour Festival.
What to wear in Mauritius: You’re welcome to relax and wear what you please in Mauritius. As the weather is warm and the water is inviting, be sure to bring a swimsuit and light clothing.
10. Uganda
- Official languages: Swahili, though there are 43 languages spoken in Uganda today.
- Why Uganda? The mountain gorilla is an important reason to visit Uganda. Also, tourism is still relatively a new industry in Uganda, which means a more authentic experience.
Uganda’s Bwindi Impenetrable Forest National Park is definitely a spot you’ll want to visit while you’re in Uganda.
It’s one of only 3 places in Africa where the endangered mountain gorilla can be found.
Responsible gorilla trekking is one of the main fund-raising tools for their conservation. Taking part will support these efforts.
However, for their protection, always go with a trained guide, and follow all rules. Seeing these guys in their natural habitat is an unforgettable experience.
Even apart from the mountain gorillas, Uganda has one of the highest populations of primates in Africa. Kibale National Park is a great place to see chimpanzees, making it a popular tourist destination.
If you want a little more action and adventure, try white water rafting on the Nile River.
Jinja is located on Lake Victoria, at the source of the Nile. It’s a popular starting point for rafting trips. Other, less heart-stopping adventures are offered also, such as kayaking, ATV rentals and bodysurfing.
Once you’re done for the day, be sure to relax with a locally-made Nile Beer.
Or visit Rwenzori’s “Mountains Of The Moon” National Park for epic hiking trails. It can be cold, though, due to the high altitude, so go prepared.
You’ll actually find glaciers in the Rwenzori, as well as stunning waterfalls and lakes.
Budongo Forest in Murchison Falls National Park is known for its butterflies and birds.
And if you’re looking for lions and elephants, head to Queen Elizabeth National Park in the western part of Uganda.
Once you’ve satisfied your craving for time with the animals, get to know the tribes of Uganda. One of the vibrant festivals is a great way to do this.
The Nile Festival is the last weekend of January, and features music, dance, folklore and food.
There is also the International Film, Music, and Arts Festival of Bayimba, held at the end of August. It showcases local artists, as well as those from other parts of east Africa.
There’s so much to do in Uganda that it’s really impossible to do it all. But it’s fun trying!
What to wear in Uganda: Give a bit of thought to how you dress while in Uganda.
For both men and women, shorts should be avoided out of respect for the culture, as well as anything tight or revealing.
11. Kenya
- Official languages: Swahili and English
- Why Kenya? Go for the wildlife safaris, especially during the Great Wildebeest Migration, for coastal beaches, or for Mount Kilimanjaro!
The dramatic wildebeest migration ongoing throughout the year is the perfect excuse to visit Kenya.
These 2 regions are contiguous, and the animals move with the seasons, following the rains and the new grass. Catching sight of the mass of animals crossing the Mara River is something you’ll never forget.
The best time to see this in Kenya is between late July and early September. Also on the way back south from mid-October to early November.
The Maasai Mara National Reserve is one of the best places in Africa to experience the epic wildlife.
At any time of year, you’ll see what is known as the big 5. These are lions, leopards, cape buffalo, rhinos, and elephants.
On top of these are an incredible number of other animals, from hippos and antelope to tortoises and crocodiles.
These nomadic warriors enjoy sharing their music and dance with visitors!
The best way to experience their culture is to visit a Maasai village while you’re on safari. Visiting this fascinating culture on your own will make the rest of your world melt away.
Nairobi, the capital city, is definitely worth a stop. Take a guided walking or driving tour if you have time. Try some local cuisine, maybe nyama choma and ugali.
This is charcoal-roasted meat and maize-meal cake, and the one from Tamambos in the Village Market is delicious.
Try to leave time for the beach before you move on from Kenya. The coast runs along the Indian Ocean, and is a great spot for soaking up some sun.
There are options from luxury to backpacker if you decide to stay awhile.
Don’t forget Diani Beach, south of Mombasa, another popular destination. You can snorkel, dive, or just lounge in the sun.
You can learn more about the variety of things there are to do in Tanzania, beyond a wildlife safari, in this article.
What to wear in Kenya: avoid wearing anything short, tight, or revealing. Loose, airy trousers and skirts, and longer, flowy shirts are the way to go. Respect the culture – this applies to women and men!